M.P. Board Class 8th Social Science
Chapter 20
Foreign Policy of India and it’s Relations with the Neighbouring Countries
Online Lecture
Textual Exercise
Choose the correct option of the following.
Question 1.
Winch two countries signed Panchsheel:
(a) India and Pakistan
(b) India and China
(c) China and Pakistan
(d) India and Nepal
Answer:
(b) India and China
Question 2.
In which country India had sent Peace Keeping Forces:
(a) China
(b) Pakistan
(c) Sri Lanka
(d) Bangladesh
Answer:
(c) Sri Lanka
Fill in the blanks:
1. 6 April 1919 was celebrated as ……….
2. Simon Commission came to India in ………..
3. Gandhiji undertook the ……….. to break the Salt Law.
4. In 1940 the annual session of Muslim League was held at ………..
Answer:
1. Day of national dishonor
2. 3rd February 1928
3. Dandi March
4. Lahore.
Very Short Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
What do you mean by nonalignment?
Answer:
The non-alignment means keeping away oneself from aligning with any other powerful groups.
Question 2.
Why India opposes Colonialism?
Answer:
India has bitter experience of Slavery under British imperialism. It was natural for India to oppose Colonialism. India has been raising voice against Colonialism in the U.N. Even today India has been opposing imperialism. Indonesia, Libya and Namibia are the Countries suffering from Imperialism.
Question 3.
By what name Bangladesh was Known before its freedom?
Answer:
Before getting freedom Bangladesh was known as ‘East Pakistan’.
Short Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
Why India wants ban on Atomic arms?
Answer:
Atomic arms are fatal to the whole humanity. They can destroy people and property on the earth. The whole world has seen the worst effects of atomic bombs dropped by America on Hiroshima in Japan, Only disarmament of atomic arms can establish peace in the world. Therefore India wants ban on Atomic arms.
Question 2.
What are the principles of Panchsheel?
Answer:
Panchsheel is an important basis of Indian Foreign Policy. It means five principles. It was coined by our very first Prime Minister Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru on 29 April 1954. These are set of principles advocating the world peace. They are:
Mutual respect for each others territorial integrity and sovereignty.
Mutual non-aggression.
Mutual non-interference in each other’s internal affair.
Equality and Mutual benefit.
Peaceful co-existence.
Question 3.
What help India gave in Bangladesh Freedom Movement?
Answer:
The erstwhile Pakistan consisted of East Pakistan now Bangladesh and West Pakistan now Pakistan. In the General election of Dec. 1970, the Awami League part won election by securing majority. But the military ruler in West Pakistan did not accept the leadership from East Pakistan.
A civil war broke out in Bangladesh. India raised its voice against the ongoing massacre and murder of democracy in neighbourhood. In retaliation Pakistan attacked India in 1971. The Indian armed forces fought against the Pakistan force.
About one lakh Pakistani soldiers surrendered before the Indian forces. This India gave military assistance to Bangladesh in getting freedom from Pakistan’s Rule.
Long Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
What are the causes of dispute between India and Pakistan?
Answer:
These are main causes of dispute ween India and Pakistan:
(a) Kashmir remains the main cause of agreement between the two countries.
(b) Cross-border terrorism:
Pakistan is II sponsoring cross-border terrorism. It is providing financial and material assistance terrorists. Even it had opened military camp for se terrorists. In return these terrorists kill large number of people. They kill mostly non musilims.
These terrorists compell Hindu to flee. providing an elected government in the state, the possibility of the return of these Kashmiri credits are bleak. They are feared. Tourism is backbone of the state economy, deeply selected.
Crops are destroyed every now and then. So we cannot say the situation is very healthy. Terrorism is a great threat to world’s ice. It can occurred within any geographical area. But when it is sponsored by any other country to create disturbance in other country it cross border terrorism.
It is a kind of declared war. Pakistan sponsored terrorism Indian territory is cross border terrorism. fight from the independence of India and pakistan, Pakistan has been trying to deestablish india.
Pakistan had backed tribesman to capture kashmir but failed. Thereafter Pakistan had declared two wars against India but defeated, please China, Pakistan gave a portion of occupied Kashmir to China to fursted India further it is aiding cross-border terrorism.
ISI of pakistan helped militancy in Punjab and later in kashmir. It also helping the insurgency in North eastern states.
Question 2.
What are aims of India’s foreign policy?
Answer:
The foreign policy of India is based peace and independence. Indian Foreign policy always gives stresses on meaningful cooperation with neighbours as well as other countries of the world. The roots of its foreign policy is greatly influenced with the Gandhian principles and non-aligned movement advocated Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru. Earlier its foreign policy was shaped by Indian National Congress.
It evolved the policy of non-alignment for the maintenance of peace and security in the world. Its foreign policy strongly opposed the principles of colonialism, imperialism and racialism. Had always been sympathetic and supportive to the struggling nations.
Indian Foreign Policy has strongly been in favour of total disarmament. It never falls in the arms race. Conclusively we can say that the Indian Foreign Policy is based in mutual cooperation, co-existence, peace harmony and brotherhood principles.
Question 3.
Write a note on the relations between India and China.
Answer:
For centuries, India and China have lived as friendly neighbours. There have been economic, religious and cultural relations between the two. India became free in 1947 and China had its revolution in 1949. For some years, thereafter, India and China had friendly relations.
In fact, Indian welcomed the Chinese revolution which brought the communists into power. In 1954, there was a historic agreement between India and China in which the Panchsheel Pact emerged as the guidelines not only between India and China, but also among the countries of the world.
But the relations between India and China deteriorated. The reason for the deterioration of these relations was the border issue. This even led China to attack on India. Though the border issue remains unsolved, yet the two countries are coming closer.